Acid Dyes
Properties
- The various dyes in the shade card have been grouped mainly according to their exhaustion behaviour, colour fastness and other characteristics on wool. The following are the main groups:
- a) ACID LEVELLING & TPM DYES
The levelling dyes of this group require strongly acid dyebaths employing Sulphuric or Formic acids. The pH of the dyebath is around 2.5-3. The dyes are generally bright with good levelling properties but have moderate wet fastness. The fastness to light varies from moderate to excellent.
The Milling & TPM dyestuffs are dyed in a weakly acid or neutral bath employing a pH around 4-4.5. Acetic acid or Acid liberating salt such as Ammonium sulphate or Acetate are used. The shades obtained are bright with good all round colour fastness properties. - b) ACID 1:1 METAL COMPLEX DYES
This group comprises premetallised 1:1 Metal Complex Acid Dyes.
These dyes have excellent level dyeing properties and all round good colour fastness. In view of their outstanding levelling properties, the dyes are eminently suitable for the production of even very pale shades with good colour fastness. - c) ACID 1:2 METAL COMPLEX DYES
These dyestutfs are dyed in a neutral or slightly acidic bath employing a pH around 5-7.
The dyestuffs have a good degree of penetration, therefore, particularly suitable for the dyeing tightly woven goods.
Also shades obtained have good all round fastness properties.
Shade Card
| 0.5% 2.0% DYEING |
Product Name | C.I. No. | Light | Washing | Milling | Perspiration | Dischargeability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Yellow 2G Yellow 17 |
18965 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3-4 | 3-4 | 3-4 | |
|
Tartarzine
Yellow 23 |
19140 | 3 | 4-5 | 5 | 3-4 | 5 | |
|
Metanil Yellow R Yellow 36 |
13065 | 2 | 4-5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | |
|
Milling Fast Yellow R Yellow 42 |
22910 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4-5 | 4 | |
|
Yellow GR Yellow 49 |
18640 | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 | 3 | 5 | |
|
Uranine
Yellow 73 |
45350 | 4 | 3 | 3-4 | 3 | 4 | |
|
Yellow GR Conc. Yellow 99 |
13900 | 3-4 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | - | |
|
Yellow 5GN Yellow 110 |
- | 3-4 | 5 | 4 | 4-5 | 5 | |
|
Yellow GL Yellow 114 |
- | 6-7 | 4-5 | 3 | 4-5 | 5 | |
|
Yellow DRL Yellow 151 |
13906 | 5-6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | - | |
|
Yellow 3R Orange 3 |
10385 | 3-4 | 4 | 1-2 | 2-3 | 4 | |
|
Orange II Orange 7 |
15510 | 1-2 | 4 | 2 | 2-3 | 5 | |
|
Orange 2GL Orange 10 |
16230 | 3 | 4-5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | |
|
Resorcine Brown Y Orange 24 |
20170 | 4 | 3 | 1-2 | 2 | 3 | |
|
Milling Orange GS Orange 56 |
22895 | 4 | 4 | 3-4 | 4 | 3 | |
|
Orange G Orange 74 |
18745 | 6-7 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 3 | |
|
Light Fast Yellow RL Orange 80 |
- | 7 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | |
|
Light Fast Yellow MRL Orange 86 |
- | 7 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | |
|
Red G Red 1 |
18050 | 3-4 | 4-5 | 2-3 | 3-4 | 3-4 | |
|
Crystal Red A Red 14 |
14720 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3 | 4-5 | |
|
Scarlet 3R Red 18 |
16255 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3-4 | 4 | |
|
Rhodamine B Red 52 |
45100 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 | 1-2 | |
|
Fast Red A Red 88 |
15620 | 1-2 | 3 | 3-4 | 1 | 4 |
|
Scarlet R
Red 97 |
22890 | 1-2 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 5 |
|
Maroon V Red 119 |
- | 3-4 | 5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3 |
|
Red 3BN Red 131 |
- | 3 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3 |
|
Red CG
Red 151 |
26900 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3-4 | 5 |
|
Light Fast Red 2G Red 183 |
18800 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
|
Light Fast Violet Br.B Red 184 |
15685 | 5 | 4-5 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
|
Pink B Red 186 |
18810 | 4 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 |
|
Brill.Red 2B Red 249 |
18134 | 3 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3 |
|
Scarlet ML Red 357 |
- | 6-7 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 3 |
|
Violet 2R Violet 1 |
17025 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 5 | 4 |
|
Milling Violet 4BN Violet 17 |
42650 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 4-5 | 2-3 |
|
Violet B Violet 43 |
60730 | 4 | 4-5 | 2 | 3-4 | 1 |
|
Violet
Violet 49 |
- | 4 | 4-5 | 2 | 3-4 | 1 |
|
Red 10B Violet 54 |
- | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 |
|
Violet L
Violet 78 |
12205 | 6-7 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Bordeaux MB Violet 90 |
18762 | 5 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 1 |
|
Patent Blue BS Blue 1 |
42045 | 2 | 4 | 3-4 | 2-3 | 1 |
|
Patent Blue AS Blue 7 |
42080 | 2 | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 | 1-2 |
|
Erioglaucine G Blue 9 |
42090 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3-4 | 2 |
|
Blue FF Blue 15 |
42645 | 1 | 4 | 3-4 | 4-5 | 2 |
|
Blue A Blue 25 |
62055 | 4 | 4 | 2-3 | 3 | 1 |
|
Blue 2G Blue 40 |
62125 | 4-5 | 3-4 | 2-3 | 3 | 1 |
|
Brill.Light Blue R Blue 62 |
62045 | 4 | 3-4 | 2-3 | 2-3 | 1 |
|
Navy Blue R Blue 92 |
13390 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Fast Navy Blue 2RN Blue 113 |
26360 | 5 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 1 |
|
Blue 3G Blue 158 |
14880 | 4 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 1 |
|
Dark Blue MTR Blue 193 |
15707 | 6-7 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 1 |
|
Green B Green 1 |
10020 | 5 | 3-4 | 2 | 3-4 | 3 |
|
Green 6B
Green 9 |
42100 | 1 | 4-5 | 2-3 | 3-4 | 3-4 |
|
Green V Green 16 |
44025 | 2 | 4 | 3-4 | 3 | 3 |
|
Dark Green B Green 20 |
20495 | 2 | 4-5 | 1-2 | 2-3 | 3 |
|
Alizarine Neutral Gr.BN Green 25 |
61570 | 5-6 | 4-5 | 4 | 4 | 1 |
|
Olive MGL Green 85 |
- | 6 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 5 | 4-5 |
|
Olive MBGL Green 104 |
- | 4 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 5 | 4-5 |
|
Resorcine Brown RD Brown 14 |
20195 | 5-6 | 2-3 | 3 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Milling Brown BR
Brown 17 |
20111 | 4 | 3-4 | 2-34 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Brown M Brown 75 |
34905 | 4 | 2-3 | 2 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Brown C2G Brown 83 |
20250 | 3-4 | 3-4 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
|
Brown CT Brown 85 |
34900 | 4 | 2-3 | 2 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Brown VX Brown 90 |
17100 | 4 | 2-3 | 2 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Brown HEDG Brown 100 |
- | 4-5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
|
Brown KDX Brown 106 |
- | 6-7 | 2-3 | 2-3 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
|
Dark Brown H Brown 121 |
- | 5 | 4-5 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
|
Brown RT Brown 214 |
34907 | 4-5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
|
Brown SR Brown 348 |
- | 4-5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
|
Brown SG Brown 349 |
- | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 | 4 | 4 |
|
Brown MBL Brown 355 |
- | 6-7 | 4-5 | 4 | 4-5 | 4 |
|
Brown M2RL Brown 365 |
- | 6 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 |
|
Brown MGRL Brown 369 |
- | 4 | 4 | 3-4 | 4 | 4 |
|
Black 10BX Black 1 |
20470 | 5-6 | 4 | 3 | 2-3 | 1 |
|
Nigrosine (W.S.) Black 2 |
50420 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2-3 | 1 |
|
Milling Black BS Black 24 |
26370 | 4-5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3-4 |
|
Black VL Black 26 |
27070 | 5 | 5 | 4-5 | 5 | 4 |
|
Black WA Black 52 |
15711 | 7-8 | 4-5 | 3-4 | 4-5 | 4 |
|
Black MR Black 172 |
17596 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
|
Black M-SRL Black 194 |
- | 7-8 | 4-5 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
|
Black NG Black 210 |
- | 4 | 4-5 | 3-2 | 2-3 | 4 |
|
Black NBG Black 234 |
61570 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4-5 | 4 |
Dyeing Procedure
- Fastness Properties
Light Fastness : The rating figures are given on the scale 1-8 i.e. 1 (minimum) poor and 8 (maximum) outstanding.
Other Fastness : The rating figures are given on the scale 1-5 i.e. I (minimum) poor and 5 (maximum) outstanding. - Method I
This is recommended for Acid Levelling Dyes:X% Dye 5 - 10% Glauber's Salt Calc. 2 - 5% Sulphuric Acid (168oTW) or Formic Acid (85%)
Enter the material (without dye) at 50oC and run for 5 minutes. Add the dissolved dye and raise the temperature gradually to boil over 30 minutes and continue dyeing at the boil for 45-60 minutes and rinse it. - Method II
This is recommended for acid Milling & TPM Dyes:
Enter the material (without dye) at 50oC and run for about 5 minutes. Then add the well dissolved dyestuff and dye for 15 minutes. Raise the temperature gradually to boil over 30 minutes and continue at the boil for 45-60 minutes.X% Dye 5% Glauber's Salt Calc. 1 - 3% Acetic Acid (30%) or Ammonium Sulphate or Ammonium Acetate
For heavy shades, if exhaustion is not completed, add:
and dye for further 15-30 minutes at the boil and rinse it.2 - 4% Acetic Acid (30%) or Formic Acid (85%) or 1 - 2% Sulphuric Acid (168oTW) - Method III
This is specifically recommended for acid Navy Blue 2RNS:-
*Enter the yarn (without dye) at 40oC for about 5 minutes. Then add the dissolved dye and raise the temperature gradually to boil over 45 minutes and dye further for 60 minutes at the boil and rinse it.X% Dye 5% Glauber's Salt Calc. 1 - 3% Acetic Acid (30%) or Ammonium Sulphate 0.2 - 0.5% Sodium or Potassium Dichromate - Method IV
This method is recommended for acid 1:1 Metal Complex Dyes.
Enter the material for 10-15 minutes. Add 4% Sulphuric Acid (l68oTw) and raise the temperature gradually to boil. In case of medium or deep shades add a further quantity of 2 - 4% Sulphuric Acid (l68oTw) to the dyebath and continue dyeing at the boil. The total time of the boiling period should be at least 90 minutes. Rinse well to free all acid and preferably neutralise all traces of acid on the yarn with 2 cc/litre Ammonia (25%).X% Dye 5 - 10% Glauber's Salt Calc.
1:1 Metal Complex Black WA repuires a modified method as under:-
Enter the material at 70oC and raise the temperature to boil. After boiling for a short time add a further quantity of 3% Sulphuric Acid (l68oTw) to the dyebath and continue dyeing at the boil. The total time of boiling should be atleast 90 minutes. An addition of 0.3% Sodium or Potassium Dichromate, 30 minutes before dyeing is completed, contributes to enhanced depth of shade, producing a fuller black. Finally rinse well and neutralise all traces of acid on the yarn with a little Ammonia as mentioned for other 1:1 Metal Complex dyes.X% Dyestuff 2% Sulphuric Acid (168oTW) - Method V
This method is recommended for the dyeing of Chrome Dyes:
Enter the material at 50oC and raise the temperature to boil within 45 minutes. Then continue further at the boil for 60-90 minutes. When dyeing medium to heavy shades add for exhaustion:X% Dyestuff 4% Chromate Mordant (prepared by mixing one part Sodium or Potassium chromate and two parts of Ammonium Sulphate)
0.5-1.0% Acetic Acid (30%) or 0.25 - 0.5% Formic Acid. - Method VI
This method is recommended for the dyeing of acid 1:2 Metal Complex Dyes:
The dyeing method is similar to method 1 employing,
No extra addition of Acetic Acid is normally necessary.2 - 3% Ammonium Sulphate or Ammonium Acetete